Installing insulation in an old house requires a specific approach, given its unique characteristics and structural challenges. Here are the key steps and considerations:
Assesment and planning:
- Carry out an energy audit to identify areas of heat loss.
- Examine the existing structure for potential problems such as air leakage, damp, and pest damage.
- Plan around historical and architectural features to preserve the integrity of the home.
Choice of insulation:
- Select materials compatible with the existing construction, such as blown cellulose, mineral wool, rigid insulation boards, or spray polyurethane.
- Take air and moisture permeability into account to avoid problems of moisture accumulation.
Wall insulation:
- Insert insulation into existing walls, often by blowing or injection, to minimize disruption to existing structures and finishes.
- In some cases, install insulation boards on the outside of walls, followed by new cladding.
Roof and attic insulation:
- Add insulation between the roof rafters or on the attic floor.
- Ensure adequate attic ventilation to prevent condensation
Floor and basement insulation:
- Install insulation under basement floors or ceilings.
- Take extra precautions when insulating basements, especially against moisture.
Sealing air leaks:
- Seal leaks around windows, doors, and plumbing and electrical penetration points.
- Use suitable caulking and sealing tape.
Additional considerations:
- Comply with local standards and regulations, especially in listed historic buildings.
- Consider impact on existing systems such as plumbing and electrical.
Due to the complexity of these tasks, it is often advisable to call in professionals specializing in renovating old houses to ensure correct and safe installation of insulation.